submission 383708

import torch
from task import input_t, output_t
from typing import Type, Tuple, Union

import cutlass
import cutlass.cute as cute
import cutlass.utils as utils
import cutlass.pipeline as pipeline
import cutlass.utils.blackwell_helpers as sm100_utils
import cutlass.utils.blockscaled_layout as blockscaled_utils

from cutlass.cute.nvgpu import cpasync, tcgen05
from cutlass.pipeline import pipeline_init_arrive, pipeline_init_wait
from cutlass.cute.runtime import from_dlpack, make_ptr
from cutlass.cutlass_dsl import CuTeDSL, dsl_user_op, T
from cutlass._mlir import ir
from cutlass._mlir.dialects import builtin, arith, llvm, vector
from cutlass.cute.typing import (
    Int32,
    Float32,
)

ab_dtype = cutlass.Float4E2M1FN  
sf_dtype = cutlass.Float8E4M3FN  
c_dtype = cutlass.Float16
sf_vec_size = 16  
max_active_clusters = 148

_TMA_CACHE_EVICT_NORMAL = 0x1000000000000000
_TMA_CACHE_EVICT_FIRST = 0x12F0000000000000


# 12.9
# 16.5
# 10.3
# 16.4

# problem size: tile_mn | cluster_mn | pf_dist | tanh | m512 | cache_policy
config_map = {
    (256,4096,7168) : ((256, 64), (2, 1), 0, True, False, _TMA_CACHE_EVICT_FIRST),
    (512,4096,7168) : ((256, 128), (2, 1), 0, False, True, _TMA_CACHE_EVICT_FIRST),
    (256,3072,4096) : ((256, 64), (2, 1), 0, True, False, _TMA_CACHE_EVICT_FIRST),
    (512,3072,7168) : ((256, 128), (2, 1), 0, True, True, _TMA_CACHE_EVICT_FIRST),
}

debug_map = {
    (256,4096,7168) : False,
    (512,4096,7168) : False,
    (256,3072,4096) : False,
    (512,3072,7168) : False,
}

@dsl_user_op
def silu_intrinsic(src_A, tanh=False, loc=None, ip=None):
    inputs = []
    for i in range(2):
        inputs.append(llvm.extractelement(src_A, arith.constant(Int32.mlir_type, i, loc=loc, ip=ip), loc=loc, ip=ip))
    # for i in range(2):
    #     inputs.append(llvm.extractelement(src_B, arith.constant(Int32.mlir_type, i, loc=loc, ip=ip), loc=loc, ip=ip))

    asm = r"""
        mul.f32 $0, $2, 0fBFB8AA3B;
        mul.f32 $1, $3, 0fBFB8AA3B;
        ex2.approx.f32 $0, $0;
        ex2.approx.f32 $1, $1;
        add.f32 $0, $0, 1.0;
        add.f32 $1, $1, 1.0;
        rcp.approx.f32 $0, $0;
        rcp.approx.f32 $1, $1;
        mul.f32 $0, $2,  $0;
        mul.f32 $1, $3,  $1;
    """

    if tanh:
        asm = r"""
            mul.f32 $0, $2, 0.5;
            mul.f32 $1, $3, 0.5;
            tanh.approx.f32 $0, $0;
            tanh.approx.f32 $1, $1;
            add.f32 $0, $0, 1.0;
            add.f32 $1, $1, 1.0;
            mul.f32 $0, $0, $2;
            mul.f32 $1, $1, $3;
            mul.f32 $0, $0, 0.5;
            mul.f32 $1, $1, 0.5;
        """
    
    cons = "=f,=f,f,f"
    res = llvm.inline_asm(llvm.StructType.get_literal([Float32.mlir_type] * 2), inputs, asm, cons, loc=loc, ip=ip)
    
    out = []
    for i in range(2):
        out.append(llvm.extractvalue(Float32.mlir_type, res, [i], loc=loc, ip=ip))
    return vector.from_elements(ir.VectorType.get([2], Float32.mlir_type, loc=loc), out, loc=loc, ip=ip)

@dsl_user_op
def silu(vec_A, length, tanh=False, loc=None, ip=None):
    src_pos = 0
    vec_f32x2_type = ir.VectorType.get([2], Float32.mlir_type, loc=loc)
    vec_dst_type = ir.VectorType.get([length], Float32.mlir_type, loc=loc)
    vec_dst = llvm.mlir_zero(vec_dst_type, loc=loc, ip=ip)

    for _ in range(length//2):
        vec_f32x2_A = vector.extract_strided_slice(
            vec_f32x2_type, vec_A, [src_pos], [2], [1], loc=loc, ip=ip
        )

        vec_dst = vector.insert_strided_slice(
            silu_intrinsic(vec_f32x2_A, tanh),
            vec_dst,
            [src_pos], 
            [1],
            loc=loc,
            ip=ip,
        )
        src_pos += 2

    return vec_dst

def ceil_div(a, b):
    return (a + b - 1) // b

def to_blocked(input_matrix):
    rows, cols = input_matrix.shape

    # Please ensure rows and cols are multiples of 128 and 4 respectively
    n_row_blocks = ceil_div(rows, 128)
    n_col_blocks = ceil_div(cols, 4)

    padded = input_matrix
    blocks = padded.view(n_row_blocks, 128, n_col_blocks, 4).permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
    rearranged = blocks.reshape(-1, 4, 32, 4).transpose(1, 2).reshape(-1, 32, 16)

    return rearranged.flatten()

def ref_kernel(
    data: input_t,
) -> output_t:
    """
    PyTorch reference implementation of NVFP4 block-scaled dual GEMM with silu activation,
    C = silu(A @ B1) * (A @ B2).
    """
    a_ref, b1_ref, b2_ref, sfa_ref_cpu, sfb1_ref_cpu, sfb2_ref_cpu, _, _, _, c_ref = data
    
    # Get dimensions from MxNxL layout
    m, n, l = c_ref.shape

    # Call torch._scaled_mm to compute the GEMV result
    ref1 = torch.empty(
        (l, m, n),
        dtype=torch.float32,
        device="cuda",
    ).permute(1, 2, 0)
    ref2 = torch.empty(
        (l, m, n),
        dtype=torch.float32,
        device="cuda",
    ).permute(1, 2, 0)
    for l_idx in range(l):
        # Convert the scale factor tensor to blocked format
        scale_a = to_blocked(sfa_ref_cpu[:, :, l_idx])
        scale_b1 = to_blocked(sfb1_ref_cpu[:, :, l_idx])
        scale_b2 = to_blocked(sfb2_ref_cpu[:, :, l_idx])
        # (m, k) @ (n, k).T -> (m, n)
        res1 = torch._scaled_mm(
            a_ref[:, :, l_idx],
            b1_ref[:, :, l_idx].transpose(0, 1),
            scale_a.cuda(),
            scale_b1.cuda(),
            bias=None,
            out_dtype=torch.float32,
        )
        ref1[:, :, l_idx] = res1

        res2 = torch._scaled_mm(
            a_ref[:, :, l_idx],
            b2_ref[:, :, l_idx].transpose(0, 1),
            scale_a.cuda(),
            scale_b2.cuda(),
            bias=None,
            out_dtype=torch.float32,
        )
        ref2[:, :, l_idx] = res2
    # Do silu on the first GEMM result and multiply with the second GEMM result
    c_ref = (torch.nn.functional.silu(ref1) * ref2).to(torch.float16)
    return c_ref

class Sm100BlockScaledPersistentDualGemmKernel:
    def __init__(
        self,
        sf_vec_size: int,
        problem_size: Tuple[int, int, int],
    ):
        mma_tiler_mn = config_map[problem_size][0]
        cluster_shape_mn = config_map[problem_size][1]
        self.tanh = config_map[problem_size][3]
        self.m512 = config_map[problem_size][4]
        self.cache_policy = config_map[problem_size][5]
        self.debug = debug_map[problem_size]

        self.acc_dtype = cutlass.Float32
        self.sf_vec_size = sf_vec_size
        self.use_2cta_instrs = mma_tiler_mn[0] == 256
        self.cluster_shape_mn = cluster_shape_mn
        # K dimension is deferred in _setup_attributes
        self.mma_tiler = (*mma_tiler_mn, 1)

        # Prefetch configuration: None=auto (num_ab_stage), 0=disable, >0=explicit distance
        self.prefetch_dist_param = config_map[problem_size][2]

        self.cta_group = (
            tcgen05.CtaGroup.TWO if self.use_2cta_instrs else tcgen05.CtaGroup.ONE
        )

        self.occupancy = 1
        # Set specialized warp ids
        self.epilog_warp_id = (
            0,
            1,
            2,
            3,
        )
        self.mma_warp_id = 4
        self.tma_warp_id = 5
        self.threads_per_cta = 32 * len(
            (self.mma_warp_id, self.tma_warp_id, *self.epilog_warp_id)
        )
        # Set barrier id for epilogue sync and tmem ptr sync
        self.epilog_sync_barrier = pipeline.NamedBarrier(
            barrier_id=1,
            num_threads=32 * len(self.epilog_warp_id),
        )
        self.tmem_alloc_barrier = pipeline.NamedBarrier(
            barrier_id=2,
            num_threads=32 * len((self.mma_warp_id, *self.epilog_warp_id)),
        )
        self.smem_capacity = utils.get_smem_capacity_in_bytes("sm_100")
        SM100_TMEM_CAPACITY_COLUMNS = 512
        self.num_tmem_alloc_cols = SM100_TMEM_CAPACITY_COLUMNS

    def _setup_attributes(self):
        # Compute mma instruction shapes
        # (MMA_Tile_Shape_M, MMA_Tile_Shape_N, MMA_Inst_Shape_K)
        self.mma_inst_shape_mn = (
            self.mma_tiler[0],
            self.mma_tiler[1],
        )
        # (CTA_Tile_Shape_M, Round_Up(MMA_Tile_Shape_N, 128), MMA_Inst_Shape_K)
        self.mma_inst_shape_mn_sfb = (
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn[0] // (2 if self.use_2cta_instrs else 1),
            cute.round_up(self.mma_inst_shape_mn[1], 128),
        )

        tiled_mma = sm100_utils.make_blockscaled_trivial_tiled_mma(
            self.a_dtype,
            self.a_major_mode,
            self.b_major_mode,
            self.sf_dtype,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            self.cta_group,
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn,
        )

        tiled_mma_sfb = sm100_utils.make_blockscaled_trivial_tiled_mma(
            self.a_dtype,
            self.a_major_mode,
            self.b_major_mode,
            self.sf_dtype,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            cute.nvgpu.tcgen05.CtaGroup.ONE,
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn_sfb,
        )

        # Compute mma/cluster/tile shapes
        mma_inst_shape_k = cute.size(tiled_mma.shape_mnk, mode=[2])
        mma_inst_tile_k = 4
        self.mma_tiler = (
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn[0],
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn[1],
            mma_inst_shape_k * mma_inst_tile_k,
        )
        self.mma_tiler_sfb = (
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn_sfb[0],
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn_sfb[1],
            mma_inst_shape_k * mma_inst_tile_k,
        )
        self.cta_tile_shape_mnk = (
            self.mma_tiler[0] // cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape),
            self.mma_tiler[1],
            self.mma_tiler[2],
        )
        self.cta_tile_shape_mnk_sfb = (
            self.mma_tiler_sfb[0] // cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape),
            self.mma_tiler_sfb[1],
            self.mma_tiler_sfb[2],
        )

        # Compute cluster layout
        self.cluster_layout_vmnk = cute.tiled_divide(
            cute.make_layout((*self.cluster_shape_mn, 1)),
            (tiled_mma.thr_id.shape,),
        )
        self.cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk = cute.tiled_divide(
            cute.make_layout((*self.cluster_shape_mn, 1)),
            (tiled_mma_sfb.thr_id.shape,),
        )

        # Compute number of multicast CTAs for A/B
        self.num_mcast_ctas_a = cute.size(self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape[2])
        self.num_mcast_ctas_b = cute.size(self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape[1])
        self.num_mcast_ctas_sfb = cute.size(self.cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk.shape[1])
        self.is_a_mcast = self.num_mcast_ctas_a > 1
        self.is_b_mcast = self.num_mcast_ctas_b > 1
        self.is_sfb_mcast = self.num_mcast_ctas_sfb > 1

        # Compute epilogue subtile
        self.epi_tile = sm100_utils.compute_epilogue_tile_shape(
            self.cta_tile_shape_mnk,
            self.use_2cta_instrs,
            self.c_layout,
            self.c_dtype,
        )
        self.epi_tile_n = cute.size(self.epi_tile[1])

        # Setup A/B/C stage count in shared memory and ACC stage count in tensor memory
        self.num_acc_stage, self.num_ab_stage, self.num_c_stage = self._compute_stages(
            tiled_mma,
            self.mma_tiler,
            self.a_dtype,
            self.b_dtype,
            self.epi_tile,
            self.c_dtype,
            self.c_layout,
            self.sf_dtype,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            self.smem_capacity,
            self.occupancy,
        )

        # Compute A/B/SFA/SFB/C shared memory layout
        self.a_smem_layout_staged = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_a(
            tiled_mma,
            self.mma_tiler,
            self.a_dtype,
            self.num_ab_stage,
        )
        self.b_smem_layout_staged = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_b(
            tiled_mma,
            self.mma_tiler,
            self.b_dtype,
            self.num_ab_stage,
        )
        self.sfa_smem_layout_staged = blockscaled_utils.make_smem_layout_sfa(
            tiled_mma,
            self.mma_tiler,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            self.num_ab_stage,
        )
        self.sfb_smem_layout_staged = blockscaled_utils.make_smem_layout_sfb(
            tiled_mma,
            self.mma_tiler,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            self.num_ab_stage,
        )
        self.c_smem_layout_staged = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_epi(
            self.c_dtype,
            self.c_layout,
            self.epi_tile,
            self.num_c_stage,
        )

        # Compute number of TMEM columns for SFA/SFB/Accumulator
        sf_atom_mn = 32
        self.num_sfa_tmem_cols = (self.cta_tile_shape_mnk[0] // sf_atom_mn) * mma_inst_tile_k
        self.num_sfb_tmem_cols = (self.cta_tile_shape_mnk_sfb[1] // sf_atom_mn) * mma_inst_tile_k
        self.num_sf_tmem_cols = self.num_sfa_tmem_cols + self.num_sfb_tmem_cols
        self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols = self.cta_tile_shape_mnk[1] * self.num_acc_stage

        # Set prefetch distance for both initial and rolling prefetch (unified control)
        # None = use num_ab_stage (default), 0 = disable prefetch, >0 = explicit distance
        if self.prefetch_dist_param is None:
            self.prefetch_dist = self.num_ab_stage
        else:
            self.prefetch_dist = self.prefetch_dist_param

        # Check if prefetch is enabled (prefetch_dist > 0)
        self.prefetch_enabled = self.prefetch_dist > 0

    @cute.jit
    def __call__(
        self,
        a_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        b1_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        b2_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        sfa_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        sfb1_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        sfb2_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        c_ptr: cute.Pointer,
        problem_size: cutlass.Constexpr,
        epilogue_op: cutlass.Constexpr = lambda x: 0.5*x *(1 + cute.math.tanh(0.5*x, fastmath=True)),
    ):
        m, n, k, l = problem_size

        # Setup attributes that depend on gemm inputs
        a_tensor = cute.make_tensor(
            a_ptr,
            cute.make_layout(
                (m, k, l),
                stride=(k, 1, m * k),
            ),
        )
        b1_tensor = cute.make_tensor(
            b1_ptr,
            cute.make_layout(
                (n, k, l),
                stride=(k, 1, n * k),
            ),
        )
        b2_tensor = cute.make_tensor(
            b2_ptr,
            cute.make_layout(
                (n, k, l),
                stride=(k, 1, n * k),
            ),
        )
        c_tensor = cute.make_tensor(
            c_ptr, cute.make_layout((m, n, l), stride=(n, 1, m * n))
        )        
        
        # Setup static attributes before smem/grid/tma computation
        self.a_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric] = a_tensor.element_type
        self.b_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric] = b1_tensor.element_type
        self.sf_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric] = sf_dtype
        self.c_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric] = c_tensor.element_type
        self.a_major_mode = utils.LayoutEnum.from_tensor(a_tensor).mma_major_mode()
        self.b_major_mode = utils.LayoutEnum.from_tensor(b1_tensor).mma_major_mode()
        self.c_layout = utils.LayoutEnum.from_tensor(c_tensor)

        # Check if input data types are compatible with MMA instruction
        if cutlass.const_expr(self.a_dtype != self.b_dtype):
            raise TypeError(f"Type must match: {self.a_dtype} != {self.b_dtype}")

        # Setup attributes that dependent on gemm inputs
        self._setup_attributes()

        # Setup sfa/sfb tensor by filling A/B tensor to scale factor atom layout
        # ((Atom_M, Rest_M),(Atom_K, Rest_K),RestL)
        sfa_layout = blockscaled_utils.tile_atom_to_shape_SF(
            a_tensor.shape, self.sf_vec_size
        )
        sfa_tensor = cute.make_tensor(sfa_ptr, sfa_layout)

        # ((Atom_N, Rest_N),(Atom_K, Rest_K),RestL)
        sfb1_layout = blockscaled_utils.tile_atom_to_shape_SF(
            b1_tensor.shape, self.sf_vec_size
        )
        sfb1_tensor = cute.make_tensor(sfb1_ptr, sfb1_layout)

        sfb2_layout = blockscaled_utils.tile_atom_to_shape_SF(
            b2_tensor.shape, self.sf_vec_size
        )
        sfb2_tensor = cute.make_tensor(sfb2_ptr, sfb2_layout)

        tiled_mma = sm100_utils.make_blockscaled_trivial_tiled_mma(
            self.a_dtype,
            self.a_major_mode,
            self.b_major_mode,
            self.sf_dtype,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            self.cta_group,
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn,
        )

        tiled_mma_sfb = sm100_utils.make_blockscaled_trivial_tiled_mma(
            self.a_dtype,
            self.a_major_mode,
            self.b_major_mode,
            self.sf_dtype,
            self.sf_vec_size,
            cute.nvgpu.tcgen05.CtaGroup.ONE,
            self.mma_inst_shape_mn_sfb,
        )
        atom_thr_size = cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape)

        # Setup TMA load for A
        a_op = sm100_utils.cluster_shape_to_tma_atom_A(
            self.cluster_shape_mn, tiled_mma.thr_id
        )
        a_smem_layout = cute.slice_(self.a_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0))
        tma_atom_a, tma_tensor_a = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_A(
            a_op,
            a_tensor,
            a_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler,
            tiled_mma,
            self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape,
        )

        # Setup TMA load for B
        b_op = sm100_utils.cluster_shape_to_tma_atom_B(
            self.cluster_shape_mn, tiled_mma.thr_id
        )
        b_smem_layout = cute.slice_(self.b_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0))

        tma_atom_b1, tma_tensor_b1 = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_B(
            b_op,
            b1_tensor,
            b_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler,
            tiled_mma,
            self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape,
        )

        tma_atom_b2, tma_tensor_b2 = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_B(
            b_op,
            b2_tensor,
            b_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler,
            tiled_mma,
            self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape,
        )

        # Setup TMA load for SFA
        sfa_op = sm100_utils.cluster_shape_to_tma_atom_A(
            self.cluster_shape_mn, tiled_mma.thr_id
        )
        sfa_smem_layout = cute.slice_(
            self.sfa_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0)
        )
        tma_atom_sfa, tma_tensor_sfa = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_A(
            sfa_op,
            sfa_tensor,
            sfa_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler,
            tiled_mma,
            self.cluster_layout_vmnk.shape,
            internal_type=cutlass.Int16,
        )

        # Setup TMA load for SFB
        sfb_op = sm100_utils.cluster_shape_to_tma_atom_SFB(
            self.cluster_shape_mn, tiled_mma.thr_id
        )
        sfb_smem_layout = cute.slice_(
            self.sfb_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0)
        )
        tma_atom_sfb1, tma_tensor_sfb1 = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_B(
            sfb_op,
            sfb1_tensor,
            sfb_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler_sfb,
            tiled_mma_sfb,
            self.cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk.shape,
            internal_type=cutlass.Int16,
        )
        tma_atom_sfb2, tma_tensor_sfb2 = cute.nvgpu.make_tiled_tma_atom_B(
            sfb_op,
            sfb2_tensor,
            sfb_smem_layout,
            self.mma_tiler_sfb,
            tiled_mma_sfb,
            self.cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk.shape,
            internal_type=cutlass.Int16,
        )

        if cutlass.const_expr(self.cta_tile_shape_mnk[1] == 192):
            x = tma_tensor_sfb1.stride[0][1]
            y = cute.ceil_div(tma_tensor_sfb1.shape[0][1], 4)

            new_shape = (
                (
                    tma_tensor_sfb1.shape[0][0],
                    ((2, 2), y)
                ),
                tma_tensor_sfb1.shape[1],
                tma_tensor_sfb1.shape[2]
            )
            # Use right multiplication for ScaledBasis (3 * x instead of x * 3)
            x_times_3 = 3 * x
            new_stride = (
                (
                    tma_tensor_sfb1.stride[0][0],
                    ((x, x), x_times_3)
                ),
                tma_tensor_sfb1.stride[1],
                tma_tensor_sfb1.stride[2]
            )
            tma_tensor_sfb_new_layout = cute.make_layout(new_shape, stride=new_stride)
            tma_tensor_sfb1 = cute.make_tensor(tma_tensor_sfb1.iterator, tma_tensor_sfb_new_layout)
            tma_tensor_sfb2 = cute.make_tensor(tma_tensor_sfb2.iterator, tma_tensor_sfb_new_layout)

        a_copy_size = cute.size_in_bytes(self.a_dtype, a_smem_layout)
        b_copy_size = cute.size_in_bytes(self.b_dtype, b_smem_layout)
        sfa_copy_size = cute.size_in_bytes(self.sf_dtype, sfa_smem_layout)
        sfb_copy_size = cute.size_in_bytes(self.sf_dtype, sfb_smem_layout)
        self.num_tma_load_bytes = (
            a_copy_size + b_copy_size * 2 + sfa_copy_size + sfb_copy_size * 2
        ) * atom_thr_size

        # Setup TMA store for C
        epi_smem_layout = cute.slice_(self.c_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, 0))
        tma_atom_c, tma_tensor_c = cpasync.make_tiled_tma_atom(
            cpasync.CopyBulkTensorTileS2GOp(),
            c_tensor,
            epi_smem_layout,
            self.epi_tile,
        )

        # Compute grid size
        self.tile_sched_params, grid = self._compute_grid(
            c_tensor,
            self.cta_tile_shape_mnk,
            self.cluster_shape_mn,
            max_active_clusters,
        )

        self.buffer_align_bytes = 1024

        # Define shared storage for kernel
        @cute.struct
        class SharedStorage:
            ab_full_mbar_ptr: cute.struct.MemRange[cutlass.Int64, self.num_ab_stage * 2]
            # ab_empty_mbar_ptr: cute.struct.MemRange[cutlass.Int64, self.num_ab_stage]
            acc1_full_mbar_ptr: cute.struct.MemRange[cutlass.Int64, self.num_acc_stage]
            # acc_empty_mbar_ptr: cute.struct.MemRange[cutlass.Int64, self.num_acc_stage]
            acc2_full_mbar_ptr: cute.struct.MemRange[cutlass.Int64, self.num_acc_stage]
            
            tmem_dealloc_mbar_ptr: cutlass.Int64
            tmem_holding_buf: cutlass.Int32
            # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N, STAGE)
            sC: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.c_dtype,
                    cute.cosize(self.c_smem_layout_staged.outer),
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, STAGE)
            sA: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.a_dtype, cute.cosize(self.a_smem_layout_staged.outer)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, STAGE)
            sB1: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.b_dtype, cute.cosize(self.b_smem_layout_staged.outer)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            sB2: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.b_dtype, cute.cosize(self.b_smem_layout_staged.outer)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, STAGE)
            sSFA: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.sf_dtype, cute.cosize(self.sfa_smem_layout_staged)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, STAGE)
            sSFB1: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.sf_dtype, cute.cosize(self.sfb_smem_layout_staged)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]
            sSFB2: cute.struct.Align[
                cute.struct.MemRange[
                    self.sf_dtype, cute.cosize(self.sfb_smem_layout_staged)
                ],
                self.buffer_align_bytes,
            ]

        self.shared_storage = SharedStorage

        # Launch the kernel synchronously
        self.kernel(
            tiled_mma,
            tiled_mma_sfb,
            tma_atom_a,
            tma_tensor_a,
            tma_atom_b1,
            tma_tensor_b1,
            tma_atom_b2,
            tma_tensor_b2,
            tma_atom_sfa,
            tma_tensor_sfa,
            tma_atom_sfb1,
            tma_tensor_sfb1,
            tma_atom_sfb2,
            tma_tensor_sfb2,
            tma_atom_c,
            tma_tensor_c,
            self.cluster_layout_vmnk,
            self.cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk,
            self.a_smem_layout_staged,
            self.b_smem_layout_staged,
            self.sfa_smem_layout_staged,
            self.sfb_smem_layout_staged,
            self.c_smem_layout_staged,
            self.epi_tile,
            self.tile_sched_params,
            epilogue_op,
        ).launch(
            grid=grid,
            block=[self.threads_per_cta, 1, 1],
            cluster=(*self.cluster_shape_mn, 1),
            min_blocks_per_mp=1,
        )
        return

    # GPU device kernel
    @cute.kernel
    def kernel(
        self,
        tiled_mma: cute.TiledMma,
        tiled_mma_sfb: cute.TiledMma,
        tma_atom_a: cute.CopyAtom,
        mA_mkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_b1: cute.CopyAtom,
        mB1_nkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_b2: cute.CopyAtom,
        mB2_nkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_sfa: cute.CopyAtom,
        mSFA_mkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_sfb1: cute.CopyAtom,
        mSFB1_nkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_sfb2: cute.CopyAtom,
        mSFB2_nkl: cute.Tensor,
        tma_atom_c: cute.CopyAtom,
        mC_mnl: cute.Tensor,
        cluster_layout_vmnk: cute.Layout,
        cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk: cute.Layout,
        a_smem_layout_staged: cute.ComposedLayout,
        b_smem_layout_staged: cute.ComposedLayout,
        sfa_smem_layout_staged: cute.Layout,
        sfb_smem_layout_staged: cute.Layout,
        c_smem_layout_staged: Union[cute.Layout, cute.ComposedLayout],
        epi_tile: cute.Tile,
        tile_sched_params: utils.PersistentTileSchedulerParams,
        epilogue_op: cutlass.Constexpr,
    ):
        warp_idx = cute.arch.warp_idx()
        warp_idx = cute.arch.make_warp_uniform(warp_idx)

        #
        # Prefetch tma desc
        #
        if warp_idx == self.tma_warp_id:
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_a)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_b1)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_b2)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_sfa)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_sfb1)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_sfb2)
            cpasync.prefetch_descriptor(tma_atom_c)

        use_2cta_instrs = cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape) == 2

        #
        # Setup cta/thread coordinates
        #
        # Coords inside cluster
        bidx, bidy, bidz = cute.arch.block_idx()
        mma_tile_coord_v = bidx % cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape)
        is_leader_cta = mma_tile_coord_v == 0
        cta_rank_in_cluster = cute.arch.make_warp_uniform(
            cute.arch.block_idx_in_cluster()
        )
        block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk = cluster_layout_vmnk.get_flat_coord(
            cta_rank_in_cluster
        )
        block_in_cluster_coord_sfb_vmnk = cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk.get_flat_coord(
            cta_rank_in_cluster
        )
        # Coord inside cta
        tidx, _, _ = cute.arch.thread_idx()

        #
        # Alloc and init: a+b full/empty, accumulator full/empty, tensor memory dealloc barrier
        #
        smem = utils.SmemAllocator()
        storage = smem.allocate(self.shared_storage)

        # Initialize mainloop ab_pipeline (barrier) and states
        ab_pipeline_producer_group = pipeline.CooperativeGroup(pipeline.Agent.Thread)
        num_tma_producer = self.num_mcast_ctas_a + self.num_mcast_ctas_b - 1
        ab_pipeline_consumer_group = pipeline.CooperativeGroup(
            pipeline.Agent.Thread, num_tma_producer
        )
        ab_pipeline = pipeline.PipelineTmaUmma.create(
            barrier_storage=storage.ab_full_mbar_ptr.data_ptr(),
            num_stages=self.num_ab_stage,
            producer_group=ab_pipeline_producer_group,
            consumer_group=ab_pipeline_consumer_group,
            tx_count=self.num_tma_load_bytes,
            cta_layout_vmnk=cluster_layout_vmnk,
            defer_sync=True,
        )

        acc_pipeline_producer_group = pipeline.CooperativeGroup(pipeline.Agent.Thread)
        num_acc_consumer_threads = len(self.epilog_warp_id) * (
            2 if use_2cta_instrs else 1
        )
        acc_pipeline_consumer_group = pipeline.CooperativeGroup(
            pipeline.Agent.Thread, num_acc_consumer_threads
        )
        acc1_pipeline = pipeline.PipelineUmmaAsync.create(
            barrier_storage=storage.acc1_full_mbar_ptr.data_ptr(),
            num_stages=self.num_acc_stage,
            producer_group=acc_pipeline_producer_group,
            consumer_group=acc_pipeline_consumer_group,
            cta_layout_vmnk=cluster_layout_vmnk,
            defer_sync=True,
        )
        acc2_pipeline = pipeline.PipelineUmmaAsync.create(
            barrier_storage=storage.acc2_full_mbar_ptr.data_ptr(),
            num_stages=self.num_acc_stage,
            producer_group=acc_pipeline_producer_group,
            consumer_group=acc_pipeline_consumer_group,
            cta_layout_vmnk=cluster_layout_vmnk,
            defer_sync=True,
        )

        # Tensor memory dealloc barrier init
        tmem = utils.TmemAllocator(
            storage.tmem_holding_buf,
            barrier_for_retrieve=self.tmem_alloc_barrier,
            allocator_warp_id=self.epilog_warp_id[0],
            is_two_cta=use_2cta_instrs,
            two_cta_tmem_dealloc_mbar_ptr=storage.tmem_dealloc_mbar_ptr,
        )

        # Cluster arrive after barrier init
        pipeline_init_arrive(cluster_shape_mn=self.cluster_shape_mn, is_relaxed=True)

        #
        # Setup smem tensor A/B/SFA/SFB/C
        #
        # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N, STAGE)
        sC = storage.sC.get_tensor(
            c_smem_layout_staged.outer, swizzle=c_smem_layout_staged.inner
        )
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, STAGE)
        sA = storage.sA.get_tensor(
            a_smem_layout_staged.outer, swizzle=a_smem_layout_staged.inner
        )
        # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, STAGE)
        sB1 = storage.sB1.get_tensor(
            b_smem_layout_staged.outer, swizzle=b_smem_layout_staged.inner
        )
        sB2 = storage.sB2.get_tensor(
            b_smem_layout_staged.outer, swizzle=b_smem_layout_staged.inner
        )
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, STAGE)
        sSFA = storage.sSFA.get_tensor(sfa_smem_layout_staged)
        # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, STAGE)
        sSFB1 = storage.sSFB1.get_tensor(sfb_smem_layout_staged)
        sSFB2 = storage.sSFB2.get_tensor(sfb_smem_layout_staged)

        #
        # Compute multicast mask for A/B/SFA/SFB buffer full
        #
        a_full_mcast_mask = None
        b_full_mcast_mask = None
        sfa_full_mcast_mask = None
        sfb_full_mcast_mask = None
        if cutlass.const_expr(self.is_a_mcast or self.is_b_mcast or use_2cta_instrs):
            a_full_mcast_mask = cpasync.create_tma_multicast_mask(
                cluster_layout_vmnk, block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk, mcast_mode=2
            )
            b_full_mcast_mask = cpasync.create_tma_multicast_mask(
                cluster_layout_vmnk, block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk, mcast_mode=1
            )
            sfa_full_mcast_mask = cpasync.create_tma_multicast_mask(
                cluster_layout_vmnk, block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk, mcast_mode=2
            )
            sfb_full_mcast_mask = cpasync.create_tma_multicast_mask(
                cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk, block_in_cluster_coord_sfb_vmnk, mcast_mode=1
            )

        #
        # Local_tile partition global tensors
        #
        # (bM, bK, RestM, RestK, RestL)
        gA_mkl = cute.local_tile(
            mA_mkl, cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler, (None, 0, None)), (None, None, None)
        )
        # (bN, bK, RestN, RestK, RestL)
        gB1_nkl = cute.local_tile(
            mB1_nkl, cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler, (0, None, None)), (None, None, None)
        )
        gB2_nkl = cute.local_tile(
            mB2_nkl, cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler, (0, None, None)), (None, None, None)
        )
        # (bM, bK, RestM, RestK, RestL)
        gSFA_mkl = cute.local_tile(
            mSFA_mkl, cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler, (None, 0, None)), (None, None, None)
        )
        # (bN, bK, RestN, RestK, RestL)
        gSFB1_nkl = cute.local_tile(
            mSFB1_nkl,
            cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler_sfb, (0, None, None)),
            (None, None, None),
        )
        gSFB2_nkl = cute.local_tile(
            mSFB2_nkl,
            cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler_sfb, (0, None, None)),
            (None, None, None),
        )
        # (bM, bN, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        gC_mnl = cute.local_tile(
            mC_mnl, cute.slice_(self.mma_tiler, (None, None, 0)), (None, None, None)
        )
        k_tile_cnt = cute.size(gA_mkl, mode=[3])

        #
        # Partition global tensor for TiledMMA_A/B/C
        #
        thr_mma = tiled_mma.get_slice(mma_tile_coord_v)
        thr_mma_sfb = tiled_mma_sfb.get_slice(mma_tile_coord_v)
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, RestM, RestK, RestL)
        tCgA = thr_mma.partition_A(gA_mkl)
        # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, RestN, RestK, RestL)
        tCgB1 = thr_mma.partition_B(gB1_nkl)
        tCgB2 = thr_mma.partition_B(gB2_nkl)
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, RestM, RestK, RestL)
        tCgSFA = thr_mma.partition_A(gSFA_mkl)
        # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, RestN, RestK, RestL)
        tCgSFB1 = thr_mma_sfb.partition_B(gSFB1_nkl)
        tCgSFB2 = thr_mma_sfb.partition_B(gSFB2_nkl)
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_N, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        tCgC = thr_mma.partition_C(gC_mnl)

        #
        # Partition global/shared tensor for TMA load A/B
        #
        # TMA load A partition_S/D
        a_cta_layout = cute.make_layout(
            cute.slice_(cluster_layout_vmnk, (0, 0, None, 0)).shape
        )
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), STAGE)
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestM, RestK, RestL)
        tAsA, tAgA = cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_a,
            block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk[2],
            a_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sA, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgA, 0, 3),
        )
        # TMA load B partition_S/D
        b_cta_layout = cute.make_layout(
            cute.slice_(cluster_layout_vmnk, (0, None, 0, 0)).shape
        )
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), STAGE)
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestN, RestK, RestL)
        tBsB1, tBgB1 = cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_b1,
            block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk[1],
            b_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sB1, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgB1, 0, 3),
        )
        tBsB2, tBgB2 = cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_b2,
            block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk[1],
            b_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sB2, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgB2, 0, 3),
        )

        #  TMA load SFA partition_S/D
        sfa_cta_layout = a_cta_layout
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), STAGE)
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestM, RestK, RestL)
        tAsSFA, tAgSFA = cute.nvgpu.cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_sfa,
            block_in_cluster_coord_vmnk[2],
            sfa_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sSFA, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgSFA, 0, 3),
        )
        tAsSFA = cute.filter_zeros(tAsSFA)
        tAgSFA = cute.filter_zeros(tAgSFA)

        # TMA load SFB partition_S/D
        sfb_cta_layout = cute.make_layout(
            cute.slice_(cluster_layout_sfb_vmnk, (0, None, 0, 0)).shape
        )
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), STAGE)
        # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestN, RestK, RestL)
        tBsSFB1, tBgSFB1 = cute.nvgpu.cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_sfb1,
            block_in_cluster_coord_sfb_vmnk[1],
            sfb_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sSFB1, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgSFB1, 0, 3),
        )
        tBsSFB2, tBgSFB2 = cute.nvgpu.cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_sfb2,
            block_in_cluster_coord_sfb_vmnk[1],
            sfb_cta_layout,
            cute.group_modes(sSFB2, 0, 3),
            cute.group_modes(tCgSFB2, 0, 3),
        )
        tBsSFB1 = cute.filter_zeros(tBsSFB1)
        tBgSFB1 = cute.filter_zeros(tBgSFB1)
        tBsSFB2 = cute.filter_zeros(tBsSFB2)
        tBgSFB2 = cute.filter_zeros(tBgSFB2)

        #
        # Partition shared/tensor memory tensor for TiledMMA_A/B/C
        #
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K, STAGE)
        tCrA = tiled_mma.make_fragment_A(sA)
        # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K, STAGE)
        tCrB1 = tiled_mma.make_fragment_B(sB1)
        tCrB2 = tiled_mma.make_fragment_B(sB2)
        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_N)
        acc_shape = tiled_mma.partition_shape_C(self.mma_tiler[:2])

        # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_N, STAGE)
        tCtAcc_fake = tiled_mma.make_fragment_C(
            cute.append(acc_shape, self.num_acc_stage)
        )

        #
        # Cluster wait before tensor memory alloc
        #
        pipeline_init_wait(cluster_shape_mn=self.cluster_shape_mn)

        #
        # Specialized TMA load warp
        #
        if warp_idx == self.tma_warp_id:
            ab_producer_state = pipeline.make_pipeline_state(
                pipeline.PipelineUserType.Producer, self.num_ab_stage
            )

            if cutlass.const_expr(self.m512):
                cur_tile_coord = ((bidx + bidz * 2) % 4 , bidz // 2, 0)
            else:
                cur_tile_coord = (bidx, bidz, 0)
                
            mma_tile_coord_mnl = (
                cur_tile_coord[0] // cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape),
                cur_tile_coord[1],
                cur_tile_coord[2],
            )

            #
            # Slice to per mma tile index
            #
            # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestK)
            tAgA_slice = tAgA[
                (None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[0], None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]
            # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestK)
            tBgB1_slice = tBgB1[
                (None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[1], None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]
            tBgB2_slice = tBgB2[
                (None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[1], None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]

            # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestK)
            tAgSFA_slice = tAgSFA[
                (None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[0], None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]

            slice_n = mma_tile_coord_mnl[1]
            if cutlass.const_expr(self.cta_tile_shape_mnk[1] == 64):
                slice_n = mma_tile_coord_mnl[1] // 2
            # ((atom_v, rest_v), RestK)
            tBgSFB1_slice = tBgSFB1[
                (None, slice_n, None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]
            tBgSFB2_slice = tBgSFB2[
                (None, slice_n, None, mma_tile_coord_mnl[2])
            ]

            #
            # Prefetch: Initial batch of prefetches to prime the pipeline
            #
            if self.prefetch_enabled:
                for pf_k_tile in cutlass.range(
                    0, min(self.prefetch_dist, k_tile_cnt), unroll=1
                ):
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_a,
                        tAgA_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_b1,
                        tBgB1_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_b2,
                        tBgB2_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_sfa,
                        tAgSFA_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_sfb1,
                        tBgSFB1_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )
                    cute.prefetch(
                        tma_atom_sfb2,
                        tBgSFB2_slice[(None, pf_k_tile)],
                    )

            # Peek (try_wait) AB buffer empty for k_tile = prefetch_k_tile_cnt
            ab_producer_state.reset_count()
            peek_ab_empty_status = cutlass.Boolean(1)
            if ab_producer_state.count < k_tile_cnt:
                peek_ab_empty_status = ab_pipeline.producer_try_acquire(
                    ab_producer_state
                )
            #
            # Tma load loop
            #
            for k_tile in cutlass.range(0, k_tile_cnt, 1, unroll=1):
                # Conditionally wait for AB buffer empty
                ab_pipeline.producer_acquire(
                    ab_producer_state, peek_ab_empty_status
                )

                # TMA load A/B/SFA/SFB
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_a,
                    tAgA_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tAsA[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=a_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_b1,
                    tBgB1_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tBsB1[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=b_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_b2,
                    tBgB2_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tBsB2[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=b_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_sfa,
                    tAgSFA_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tAsSFA[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=sfa_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_sfb1,
                    tBgSFB1_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tBsSFB1[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=sfb_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tma_atom_sfb2,
                    tBgSFB2_slice[(None, ab_producer_state.count)],
                    tBsSFB2[(None, ab_producer_state.index)],
                    tma_bar_ptr=ab_pipeline.producer_get_barrier(ab_producer_state),
                    mcast_mask=sfb_full_mcast_mask,
                    cache_policy=cutlass.Int64(cutlass.Int64(self.cache_policy).ir_value()),
                )

                # Prefetch: Rolling prefetch for next tiles
                if self.prefetch_enabled:
                    if k_tile < k_tile_cnt - self.prefetch_dist:
                        future_k_tile = ab_producer_state.count + self.prefetch_dist
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_a,
                            tAgA_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_b1,
                            tBgB1_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_b2,
                            tBgB2_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_sfa,
                            tAgSFA_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_sfb1,
                            tBgSFB1_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )
                        cute.prefetch(
                            tma_atom_sfb2,
                            tBgSFB2_slice[(None, future_k_tile)],
                        )

                # Peek (try_wait) AB buffer empty for k_tile = prefetch_k_tile_cnt + k_tile + 1
                ab_producer_state.advance()
                peek_ab_empty_status = cutlass.Boolean(1)
                if ab_producer_state.count < k_tile_cnt:
                    peek_ab_empty_status = ab_pipeline.producer_try_acquire(
                        ab_producer_state
                    )

            #
            # Wait A/B buffer empty
            #
            # ab_pipeline.producer_tail(ab_producer_state)

        #
        # Specialized MMA warp
        #
        if warp_idx == self.mma_warp_id:
            #
            # Bar sync for retrieve tensor memory ptr from shared mem
            #
            tmem.wait_for_alloc()

            #
            # Retrieving tensor memory ptr and make accumulator/SFA/SFB tensor
            #
            acc1_tmem_ptr = tmem.retrieve_ptr(self.acc_dtype)
            tCtAcc1_base = cute.make_tensor(acc1_tmem_ptr, tCtAcc_fake.layout)

            acc2_tmem_ptr = cute.recast_ptr(
                acc1_tmem_ptr + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols,
                dtype=self.acc_dtype,
            )
            tCtAcc2_base = cute.make_tensor(acc2_tmem_ptr, tCtAcc_fake.layout)

            # Make SFA tmem tensor
            sfa_tmem_ptr = cute.recast_ptr(
                acc1_tmem_ptr + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols * 2,
                dtype=self.sf_dtype,
            )
            # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_K)
            tCtSFA_layout = blockscaled_utils.make_tmem_layout_sfa(
                tiled_mma,
                self.mma_tiler,
                self.sf_vec_size,
                cute.slice_(sfa_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0)),
            )
            tCtSFA = cute.make_tensor(sfa_tmem_ptr, tCtSFA_layout)

            # Make SFB tmem tensor
            # (MMA, MMA_N, MMA_K)
            tCtSFB_layout = blockscaled_utils.make_tmem_layout_sfb(
                tiled_mma,
                self.mma_tiler,
                self.sf_vec_size,
                cute.slice_(sfb_smem_layout_staged, (None, None, None, 0)),
            )

            # Make SFB tmem tensor
            sfb1_tmem_ptr = cute.recast_ptr(
                acc1_tmem_ptr
                + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols * 2
                + self.num_sfa_tmem_cols,
                dtype=self.sf_dtype,
            )
            tCtSFB1 = cute.make_tensor(sfb1_tmem_ptr, tCtSFB_layout)

            sfb2_tmem_ptr = cute.recast_ptr(
                acc1_tmem_ptr
                + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols * 2
                + self.num_sfa_tmem_cols
                + self.num_sfb_tmem_cols ,
                dtype=self.sf_dtype,
            )
            tCtSFB2 = cute.make_tensor(sfb2_tmem_ptr, tCtSFB_layout)
            #
            # Partition for S2T copy of SFA/SFB
            #
            (
                tiled_copy_s2t_sfa,
                tCsSFA_compact_s2t,
                tCtSFA_compact_s2t,
            ) = self.mainloop_s2t_copy_and_partition(sSFA, tCtSFA)
            (
                tiled_copy_s2t_sfb1,
                tCsSFB1_compact_s2t,
                tCtSFB1_compact_s2t,
            ) = self.mainloop_s2t_copy_and_partition(sSFB1, tCtSFB1)
            (
                tiled_copy_s2t_sfb2,
                tCsSFB2_compact_s2t,
                tCtSFB2_compact_s2t,
            ) = self.mainloop_s2t_copy_and_partition(sSFB2, tCtSFB2)

            ab_consumer_state = pipeline.make_pipeline_state(
                pipeline.PipelineUserType.Consumer, self.num_ab_stage
            )
            acc_producer_state = pipeline.make_pipeline_state(
                pipeline.PipelineUserType.Producer, self.num_acc_stage
            )

            if cutlass.const_expr(self.m512):
                cur_tile_coord = ((bidx + bidz * 2) % 4 , bidz // 2, 0)
            else:
                cur_tile_coord = (bidx, bidz, 0)

            mma_tile_coord_mnl = (
                cur_tile_coord[0] // cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape),
                cur_tile_coord[1],
                cur_tile_coord[2],
            )

            # Set tensor memory buffer for current tile
            # (MMA, MMA_M, MMA_N)
            tCtAcc1 = tCtAcc1_base[(None, None, None, 0)]
            tCtAcc2 = tCtAcc2_base[(None, None, None, 0)]

            # Peek (try_wait) AB buffer full for k_tile = 0
            ab_consumer_state.reset_count()
            peek_ab_full_status = cutlass.Boolean(1)
            if ab_consumer_state.count < k_tile_cnt and is_leader_cta:
                peek_ab_full_status = ab_pipeline.consumer_try_wait(
                    ab_consumer_state
                )

            tCtSFB1_mma = tCtSFB1
            tCtSFB2_mma = tCtSFB2
            if cutlass.const_expr(self.cta_tile_shape_mnk[1] == 64):
                # Move in increments of 64 columns of SFB
                offset = cutlass.Int32((mma_tile_coord_mnl[1] % 2) * 2)
                shifted_ptr1 = cute.recast_ptr(
                    acc1_tmem_ptr
                    + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols * 2
                    + self.num_sfa_tmem_cols
                    + offset,
                    dtype=self.sf_dtype,
                )
                shifted_ptr2 = cute.recast_ptr(
                    acc1_tmem_ptr
                    + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols * 2
                    + self.num_sfa_tmem_cols
                    + self.num_sfb_tmem_cols 
                    + offset,
                    dtype=self.sf_dtype,
                )
                tCtSFB1_mma = cute.make_tensor(shifted_ptr1, tCtSFB_layout)
                tCtSFB2_mma = cute.make_tensor(shifted_ptr2, tCtSFB_layout)

            #
            # Reset the ACCUMULATE field for each tile
            #
            tiled_mma.set(tcgen05.Field.ACCUMULATE, False)

            #
            # Mma mainloop
            #
            for k_tile in cutlass.range(k_tile_cnt-1):
                if is_leader_cta:
                    # Conditionally wait for AB buffer full
                    ab_pipeline.consumer_wait(
                        ab_consumer_state, peek_ab_full_status
                    )

                    #  Copy SFA/SFB from smem to tmem
                    s2t_stage_coord = (
                        None,
                        None,
                        None,
                        None,
                        ab_consumer_state.index,
                    )
                    tCsSFA_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFA_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                    tCsSFB1_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFB1_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                    tCsSFB2_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFB2_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                    cute.copy(
                        tiled_copy_s2t_sfa,
                        tCsSFA_compact_s2t_staged,
                        tCtSFA_compact_s2t,
                    )
                    cute.copy(
                        tiled_copy_s2t_sfb1,
                        tCsSFB1_compact_s2t_staged,
                        tCtSFB1_compact_s2t,
                    )
                    cute.copy(
                        tiled_copy_s2t_sfb2,
                        tCsSFB2_compact_s2t_staged,
                        tCtSFB2_compact_s2t,
                    )

                    # tCtAcc += tCrA * tCrSFA * tCrB * tCrSFB
                    for kblock_idx in cutlass.range_constexpr(4, unroll_full=True):
                        kblock_coord = (
                            None,
                            None,
                            kblock_idx,
                            ab_consumer_state.index,
                        )

                        # Set SFA/SFB tensor to tiled_mma
                        sf_kblock_coord = (None, None, kblock_idx)
                        tiled_mma.set(
                            tcgen05.Field.SFA,
                            tCtSFA[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                        )
                        tiled_mma.set(
                            tcgen05.Field.SFB,
                            tCtSFB1_mma[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                        )

                        cute.gemm(
                            tiled_mma,
                            tCtAcc1,
                            tCrA[kblock_coord],
                            tCrB1[kblock_coord],
                            tCtAcc1,
                        )

                        tiled_mma.set(
                            tcgen05.Field.SFB,
                            tCtSFB2_mma[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                        )

                        cute.gemm(
                            tiled_mma,
                            tCtAcc2,
                            tCrA[kblock_coord],
                            tCrB2[kblock_coord],
                            tCtAcc2,
                        )

                        # Enable accumulate on tCtAcc after first kblock
                        tiled_mma.set(tcgen05.Field.ACCUMULATE, True)

                    # Async arrive AB buffer empty
                    ab_pipeline.consumer_release(ab_consumer_state)

                # Peek (try_wait) AB buffer full for k_tile = k_tile + 1
                ab_consumer_state.advance()
                peek_ab_full_status = cutlass.Boolean(1)

                if is_leader_cta:
                    peek_ab_full_status = ab_pipeline.consumer_try_wait(
                        ab_consumer_state
                    )

            
            if is_leader_cta:
                # Conditionally wait for AB buffer full
                ab_pipeline.consumer_wait(
                    ab_consumer_state, peek_ab_full_status
                )

                #  Copy SFA/SFB from smem to tmem
                s2t_stage_coord = (
                    None,
                    None,
                    None,
                    None,
                    ab_consumer_state.index,
                )
                tCsSFA_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFA_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                tCsSFB1_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFB1_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                tCsSFB2_compact_s2t_staged = tCsSFB2_compact_s2t[s2t_stage_coord]
                cute.copy(
                    tiled_copy_s2t_sfa,
                    tCsSFA_compact_s2t_staged,
                    tCtSFA_compact_s2t,
                )
                cute.copy(
                    tiled_copy_s2t_sfb1,
                    tCsSFB1_compact_s2t_staged,
                    tCtSFB1_compact_s2t,
                )

                # tCtAcc += tCrA * tCrSFA * tCrB * tCrSFB
                for kblock_idx in cutlass.range_constexpr(4, unroll_full=True):
                    kblock_coord = (
                        None,
                        None,
                        kblock_idx,
                        ab_consumer_state.index,
                    )

                    # Set SFA/SFB tensor to tiled_mma
                    sf_kblock_coord = (None, None, kblock_idx)
                    tiled_mma.set(
                        tcgen05.Field.SFA,
                        tCtSFA[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                    )
                    tiled_mma.set(
                        tcgen05.Field.SFB,
                        tCtSFB1_mma[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                    )

                    cute.gemm(
                        tiled_mma,
                        tCtAcc1,
                        tCrA[kblock_coord],
                        tCrB1[kblock_coord],
                        tCtAcc1,
                    )

                    # Enable accumulate on tCtAcc after first kblock
                    tiled_mma.set(tcgen05.Field.ACCUMULATE, True)
                    
                acc1_pipeline.producer_commit(acc_producer_state)
                
                cute.copy(
                    tiled_copy_s2t_sfb2,
                    tCsSFB2_compact_s2t_staged,
                    tCtSFB2_compact_s2t,
                )
                
                for kblock_idx in cutlass.range_constexpr(4, unroll_full=True):
                    kblock_coord = (
                        None,
                        None,
                        kblock_idx,
                        ab_consumer_state.index,
                    )

                    # Set SFA/SFB tensor to tiled_mma
                    sf_kblock_coord = (None, None, kblock_idx)
                    tiled_mma.set(
                        tcgen05.Field.SFA,
                        tCtSFA[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                    )

                    tiled_mma.set(
                        tcgen05.Field.SFB,
                        tCtSFB2_mma[sf_kblock_coord].iterator,
                    )

                    cute.gemm(
                        tiled_mma,
                        tCtAcc2,
                        tCrA[kblock_coord],
                        tCrB2[kblock_coord],
                        tCtAcc2,
                    )
                    tiled_mma.set(tcgen05.Field.ACCUMULATE, True)

                acc2_pipeline.producer_commit(acc_producer_state)
                

        #
        # Specialized epilogue warps
        #
        if warp_idx < self.mma_warp_id:
            #
            # Alloc tensor memory buffer
            #
            tmem.allocate(self.num_tmem_alloc_cols)

            #
            # Bar sync for retrieve tensor memory ptr from shared memory
            #
            tmem.wait_for_alloc()

            #
            # Retrieving tensor memory ptr and make accumulator tensor
            #
            acc1_tmem_ptr = tmem.retrieve_ptr(self.acc_dtype)
            tCtAcc1_base = cute.make_tensor(acc1_tmem_ptr, tCtAcc_fake.layout)
            acc2_tmem_ptr = cute.recast_ptr(
                acc1_tmem_ptr + self.num_accumulator_tmem_cols,
                dtype=self.acc_dtype,
            )
            tCtAcc2_base = cute.make_tensor(acc2_tmem_ptr, tCtAcc_fake.layout)

            #
            # Partition for epilogue
            #
            epi_tidx = tidx
            (
                tiled_copy_t2r,
                tTR_tAcc1_base,
                tTR_tAcc2_base,
                tTR_rAcc1,
                tTR_rAcc2,
            ) = self.epilog_tmem_copy_and_partition(
                epi_tidx, tCtAcc1_base, tCtAcc2_base, tCgC, epi_tile, use_2cta_instrs
            )

            tTR_rC = cute.make_rmem_tensor(tTR_rAcc1.shape, self.c_dtype)
            tiled_copy_r2s, tRS_rC, tRS_sC = self.epilog_smem_copy_and_partition(
                tiled_copy_t2r, tTR_rC, epi_tidx, sC
            )
            (
                tma_atom_c,
                bSG_sC,
                bSG_gC_partitioned,
            ) = self.epilog_gmem_copy_and_partition(
                epi_tidx, tma_atom_c, tCgC, epi_tile, sC
            )

            acc_consumer_state = pipeline.make_pipeline_state(
                pipeline.PipelineUserType.Consumer, self.num_acc_stage
            )

            if cutlass.const_expr(self.m512):
                cur_tile_coord = ((bidx + bidz * 2) % 4 , bidz // 2, 0)
            else:
                cur_tile_coord = (bidx, bidz, 0)

            mma_tile_coord_mnl = (
                cur_tile_coord[0] // cute.size(tiled_mma.thr_id.shape),
                cur_tile_coord[1],
                cur_tile_coord[2],
            )

            #
            # Slice to per mma tile index
            #
            # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), EPI_M, EPI_N)
            bSG_gC = bSG_gC_partitioned[
                (
                    None,
                    None,
                    None,
                    *mma_tile_coord_mnl,
                )
            ]

            # Set tensor memory buffer for current tile
            # (T2R, T2R_M, T2R_N, EPI_M, EPI_M)
            tTR_tAcc1 = tTR_tAcc1_base[
                (None, None, None, None, None, acc_consumer_state.index)
            ]
            tTR_tAcc2 = tTR_tAcc2_base[
                (None, None, None, None, None, acc_consumer_state.index)
            ]
            bSG_gC = cute.group_modes(bSG_gC, 1, cute.rank(bSG_gC))

            tTR_tAcc1 = cute.group_modes(tTR_tAcc1, 3, cute.rank(tTR_tAcc1))
            tTR_tAcc2 = cute.group_modes(tTR_tAcc2, 3, cute.rank(tTR_tAcc2))
            
            #
            # Store accumulator to global memory in subtiles
            #
            subtile_cnt = cute.size(tTR_tAcc1.shape, mode=[3])



            acc1_pipeline.consumer_wait(acc_consumer_state)
            # acc2_pipeline.consumer_wait(acc_consumer_state)
            for subtile_idx in cutlass.range(subtile_cnt):
                #
                # Load accumulator from tensor memory buffer to register
                #
                tTR_tAcc1_mn = tTR_tAcc1[(None, None, None, subtile_idx)]
                tTR_tAcc2_mn = tTR_tAcc2[(None, None, None, subtile_idx)]
                cute.copy(tiled_copy_t2r, tTR_tAcc1_mn, tTR_rAcc1)
                cute.copy(tiled_copy_t2r, tTR_tAcc2_mn, tTR_rAcc2)

                # silu
                acc1_vec = tTR_rAcc1.load()
                acc2_vec = tTR_rAcc2.load()
                # acc1_vec_silu = epilogue_op(acc1_vec)
                acc1_vec_silu =cute.TensorSSA(
                    silu(acc1_vec, cute.size(acc1_vec.shape), self.tanh),
                    acc1_vec.shape,
                    cutlass.Float32,
                )
                
                tRS_rC.store((acc1_vec_silu * acc2_vec).to(self.c_dtype))

                #
                # Store C to shared memory
                #
                cute.copy(
                    tiled_copy_r2s,
                    tRS_rC,
                    tRS_sC[(None, None, None, subtile_idx)],
                )
                # Fence and barrier to make sure shared memory store is visible to TMA store
                cute.arch.fence_proxy(
                    cute.arch.ProxyKind.async_shared,
                    space=cute.arch.SharedSpace.shared_cta,
                )
                self.epilog_sync_barrier.arrive_and_wait()

                #
                # TMA store C to global memory
                #
                if warp_idx == self.epilog_warp_id[0]:
                    cute.copy(
                        tma_atom_c,
                        bSG_sC[(None, subtile_idx)],
                        bSG_gC[(None, subtile_idx)],
                    )

            tmem.free(acc1_tmem_ptr)
            

    def mainloop_s2t_copy_and_partition(
        self,
        sSF: cute.Tensor,
        tSF: cute.Tensor,
    ) -> Tuple[cute.TiledCopy, cute.Tensor, cute.Tensor]:
        # (MMA, MMA_MN, MMA_K, STAGE)
        tCsSF_compact = cute.filter_zeros(sSF)
        # (MMA, MMA_MN, MMA_K)
        tCtSF_compact = cute.filter_zeros(tSF)

        # Make S2T CopyAtom and tiledCopy
        copy_atom_s2t = cute.make_copy_atom(
            tcgen05.Cp4x32x128bOp(self.cta_group),
            self.sf_dtype,
        )
        tiled_copy_s2t = tcgen05.make_s2t_copy(copy_atom_s2t, tCtSF_compact)
        thr_copy_s2t = tiled_copy_s2t.get_slice(0)

        # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), Rest_Tiler, MMA_MN, MMA_K, STAGE)
        tCsSF_compact_s2t_ = thr_copy_s2t.partition_S(tCsSF_compact)
        # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), Rest_Tiler, MMA_MN, MMA_K, STAGE)
        tCsSF_compact_s2t = tcgen05.get_s2t_smem_desc_tensor(
            tiled_copy_s2t, tCsSF_compact_s2t_
        )
        # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), Rest_Tiler, MMA_MN, MMA_K)
        tCtSF_compact_s2t = thr_copy_s2t.partition_D(tCtSF_compact)

        return tiled_copy_s2t, tCsSF_compact_s2t, tCtSF_compact_s2t

    def epilog_tmem_copy_and_partition(
        self,
        tidx: cutlass.Int32,
        tAcc1: cute.Tensor,
        tAcc2: cute.Tensor,
        gC_mnl: cute.Tensor,
        epi_tile: cute.Tile,
        use_2cta_instrs: Union[cutlass.Boolean, bool],
    ) -> Tuple[cute.TiledCopy, cute.Tensor, cute.Tensor]:
        # Make tiledCopy for tensor memory load
        copy_atom_t2r = sm100_utils.get_tmem_load_op(
            self.cta_tile_shape_mnk,
            self.c_layout,
            self.c_dtype,
            self.acc_dtype,
            epi_tile,
            use_2cta_instrs,
        )
        # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N, EPI_M, EPI_N, STAGE)
        tAcc1_epi = cute.flat_divide(
            tAcc1[((None, None), 0, 0, None)],
            epi_tile,
        )
        tAcc2_epi = cute.flat_divide(
            tAcc2[((None, None), 0, 0, None)],
            epi_tile,
        )
        # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N)
        tiled_copy_t2r = tcgen05.make_tmem_copy(
            copy_atom_t2r, tAcc1_epi[(None, None, 0, 0, 0)]
        )

        thr_copy_t2r = tiled_copy_t2r.get_slice(tidx)
        # (T2R, T2R_M, T2R_N, EPI_M, EPI_M, STAGE)
        tTR_tAcc1 = thr_copy_t2r.partition_S(tAcc1_epi)
        tTR_tAcc2 = thr_copy_t2r.partition_S(tAcc2_epi)

        # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N, EPI_M, EPI_N, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        gC_mnl_epi = cute.flat_divide(
            gC_mnl[((None, None), 0, 0, None, None, None)], epi_tile
        )
        # (T2R, T2R_M, T2R_N, EPI_M, EPI_N, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        tTR_gC = thr_copy_t2r.partition_D(gC_mnl_epi)
        # (T2R, T2R_M, T2R_N)
        tTR_rAcc1 = cute.make_rmem_tensor(
            tTR_gC[(None, None, None, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)].shape, self.acc_dtype
        )
        # cute.printf(tTR_rAcc1.layout)

        tTR_rAcc2 = cute.make_rmem_tensor(
            tTR_gC[(None, None, None, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)].shape, self.acc_dtype
        )
        return tiled_copy_t2r, tTR_tAcc1, tTR_tAcc2, tTR_rAcc1, tTR_rAcc2

    def epilog_smem_copy_and_partition(
        self,
        tiled_copy_t2r: cute.TiledCopy,
        tTR_rC: cute.Tensor,
        tidx: cutlass.Int32,
        sC: cute.Tensor,
    ) -> Tuple[cute.TiledCopy, cute.Tensor, cute.Tensor]:
        copy_atom_r2s = sm100_utils.get_smem_store_op(
            self.c_layout, self.c_dtype, self.acc_dtype, tiled_copy_t2r
        )
        tiled_copy_r2s = cute.make_tiled_copy_D(copy_atom_r2s, tiled_copy_t2r)
        # (R2S, R2S_M, R2S_N, PIPE_D)
        thr_copy_r2s = tiled_copy_r2s.get_slice(tidx)
        tRS_sC = thr_copy_r2s.partition_D(sC)
        # (R2S, R2S_M, R2S_N)
        tRS_rC = tiled_copy_r2s.retile(tTR_rC)
        return tiled_copy_r2s, tRS_rC, tRS_sC

    def epilog_gmem_copy_and_partition(
        self,
        tidx: cutlass.Int32,
        atom: Union[cute.CopyAtom, cute.TiledCopy],
        gC_mnl: cute.Tensor,
        epi_tile: cute.Tile,
        sC: cute.Tensor,
    ) -> Tuple[cute.CopyAtom, cute.Tensor, cute.Tensor]:
        # (EPI_TILE_M, EPI_TILE_N, EPI_M, EPI_N, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        gC_epi = cute.flat_divide(
            gC_mnl[((None, None), 0, 0, None, None, None)], epi_tile
        )

        tma_atom_c = atom
        sC_for_tma_partition = cute.group_modes(sC, 0, 2)
        gC_for_tma_partition = cute.group_modes(gC_epi, 0, 2)
        # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), EPI_M, EPI_N)
        # ((ATOM_V, REST_V), EPI_M, EPI_N, RestM, RestN, RestL)
        bSG_sC, bSG_gC = cpasync.tma_partition(
            tma_atom_c,
            0,
            cute.make_layout(1),
            sC_for_tma_partition,
            gC_for_tma_partition,
        )
        return tma_atom_c, bSG_sC, bSG_gC

    @staticmethod
    def _compute_stages(
        tiled_mma: cute.TiledMma,
        mma_tiler_mnk: Tuple[int, int, int],
        a_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric],
        b_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric],
        epi_tile: cute.Tile,
        c_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric],
        c_layout: utils.LayoutEnum,
        sf_dtype: Type[cutlass.Numeric],
        sf_vec_size: int,
        smem_capacity: int,
        occupancy: int,
    ) -> Tuple[int, int, int]:
        # ACC stages
        # num_acc_stage = 1 if mma_tiler_mnk[1] == 256 else 2
        num_acc_stage = 1

        # Default C stages
        num_c_stage = 2

        # Calculate smem layout and size for one stage of A, B, SFA, SFB and C
        a_smem_layout_stage_one = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_a(
            tiled_mma,
            mma_tiler_mnk,
            a_dtype,
            1,  # a tmp 1 stage is provided
        )
        b_smem_layout_staged_one = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_b(
            tiled_mma,
            mma_tiler_mnk,
            b_dtype,
            1,  # a tmp 1 stage is provided
        )
        sfa_smem_layout_staged_one = blockscaled_utils.make_smem_layout_sfa(
            tiled_mma,
            mma_tiler_mnk,
            sf_vec_size,
            1,  # a tmp 1 stage is provided
        )
        sfb_smem_layout_staged_one = blockscaled_utils.make_smem_layout_sfb(
            tiled_mma,
            mma_tiler_mnk,
            sf_vec_size,
            1,  # a tmp 1 stage is provided
        )

        c_smem_layout_staged_one = sm100_utils.make_smem_layout_epi(
            c_dtype,
            c_layout,
            epi_tile,
            1,
        )

        ab_bytes_per_stage = (
            cute.size_in_bytes(a_dtype, a_smem_layout_stage_one)
            + cute.size_in_bytes(b_dtype, b_smem_layout_staged_one) * 2
            + cute.size_in_bytes(sf_dtype, sfa_smem_layout_staged_one)
            + cute.size_in_bytes(sf_dtype, sfb_smem_layout_staged_one) * 2
        )
        mbar_helpers_bytes = 1024
        c_bytes_per_stage = cute.size_in_bytes(c_dtype, c_smem_layout_staged_one)
        c_bytes = c_bytes_per_stage * num_c_stage

        # Calculate A/B/SFA/SFB stages:
        # Start with total smem per CTA (capacity / occupancy)
        # Subtract reserved bytes and initial C stages bytes
        # Divide remaining by bytes needed per A/B/SFA/SFB stage
        num_ab_stage = (
            smem_capacity // occupancy - (mbar_helpers_bytes + c_bytes)
        ) // ab_bytes_per_stage

        # Refine epilogue stages:
        # Calculate remaining smem after allocating for A/B/SFA/SFB stages and reserved bytes
        # Add remaining unused smem to epilogue
        num_c_stage += (
            smem_capacity
            - occupancy * ab_bytes_per_stage * num_ab_stage
            - occupancy * (mbar_helpers_bytes + c_bytes)
        ) // (occupancy * c_bytes_per_stage)

        return num_acc_stage, num_ab_stage, num_c_stage

    @staticmethod
    def _compute_grid(
        c: cute.Tensor,
        cta_tile_shape_mnk: Tuple[int, int, int],
        cluster_shape_mn: Tuple[int, int],
        max_active_clusters: cutlass.Constexpr,
    ) -> Tuple[utils.PersistentTileSchedulerParams, Tuple[int, int, int]]:
        c_shape = cute.slice_(cta_tile_shape_mnk, (None, None, 0))
        gc = cute.zipped_divide(c, tiler=c_shape)
        num_ctas_mnl = gc[(0, (None, None, None))].shape
        cluster_shape_mnl = (*cluster_shape_mn, 1)

        tile_sched_params = utils.PersistentTileSchedulerParams(
            num_ctas_mnl, cluster_shape_mnl
        )
        grid = utils.StaticPersistentTileScheduler.get_grid_shape(
            tile_sched_params, max_active_clusters
        )

        return tile_sched_params, grid


# Global cache for compiled kernel
_compiled_kernel_cache = {}
# This function is used to compile the kernel once and cache it and then allow users to 
# run the kernel multiple times to get more accurate timing results.
def compile_kernel(problem_size):
    """
    Compile the kernel once and cache it.
    This should be called before any timing measurements.

    Returns:
        The compiled kernel function
    """
    global _compiled_kernel_cache
    
    if problem_size in _compiled_kernel_cache:
        return _compiled_kernel_cache[problem_size]
    

    # Create CuTe pointers for A/B/C/SFA/SFB via torch tensor data pointer
    a_ptr = make_ptr(
        ab_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
    )
    b1_ptr = make_ptr(
        ab_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
    )
    b2_ptr = make_ptr(
        ab_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
    )
    c_ptr = make_ptr(
        c_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
    )
    sfa_ptr = make_ptr(
        sf_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
    )
    sfb1_ptr = make_ptr(
        sf_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
    )
    sfb2_ptr = make_ptr(
        sf_dtype, 0, cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
    )

    m,n,k,_ = problem_size

    gemm = Sm100BlockScaledPersistentDualGemmKernel(
        sf_vec_size,
        (m,n,k),
    )

    # Compile the kernel
    _compiled_kernel_cache[problem_size] = cute.compile(gemm, a_ptr, b1_ptr, b2_ptr, sfa_ptr, sfb1_ptr, sfb2_ptr, c_ptr, problem_size)
    
    return _compiled_kernel_cache[problem_size]


def custom_kernel(data: input_t) -> output_t:
    """
    Execute the block-scaled GEMM kernel.
    
    This is the main entry point called by the evaluation framework.
    It converts PyTorch tensors to CuTe tensors, launches the kernel,
    and returns the result.
    
    Args:
        data: Tuple of (a, b, sfa_ref, sfb_ref, sfa_permuted, sfb_permuted, c) PyTorch tensors
            a: [m, k, l] - Input matrix in float4e2m1fn 
            b: [n, k, l] - Input vector in float4e2m1fn 
            sfa_ref: [m, k, l] - Scale factors in float8_e4m3fn, used by reference implementation
            sfb_ref: [n, k, l] - Scale factors in float8_e4m3fn, used by reference implementation
            sfa_permuted: [32, 4, rest_m, 4, rest_k, l] - Scale factors in float8_e4m3fn 
            sfb_permuted: [32, 4, rest_n, 4, rest_k, l] - Scale factors in float8_e4m3fn 
            c: [m, n, l] - Output vector in float16
    
    Returns:
        Output tensor c with computed results
    """
    # a, b, _, _, sfa_permuted, sfb_permuted, c = data
    a, b1, b2, _, _, _, sfa_permuted, sfb1_permuted, sfb2_permuted, c = data

    # Get dimensions from MxKxL layout
    _, k, _ = a.shape
    m, n, l = c.shape
    # Torch use e2m1_x2 data type, thus k is halved
    k = k * 2 

    # (256,4096,7168), (512,4096,7168), (256,3072,4096), (512,3072,7168)
    if (m,n,k) in [(256,4096,7168), (512,4096,7168), (256,3072,4096), (512,3072,7168)]:
        compiled_func = compile_kernel((m, n, k, l))

        # Create CuTe pointers for A/B/C/SFA/SFB via torch tensor data pointer
        a_ptr = make_ptr(
            ab_dtype, a.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
        )
        b1_ptr = make_ptr(
            ab_dtype, b1.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
        )
        b2_ptr = make_ptr(
            ab_dtype, b2.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
        )
        c_ptr = make_ptr(
            c_dtype, c.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=16
        )
        sfa_ptr = make_ptr(
            sf_dtype, sfa_permuted.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
        )
        sfb1_ptr = make_ptr(
            sf_dtype, sfb1_permuted.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
        )
        sfb2_ptr = make_ptr(
            sf_dtype, sfb2_permuted.data_ptr(), cute.AddressSpace.gmem, assumed_align=32
        )

        # Execute the compiled kernel
        compiled_func(a_ptr, b1_ptr, b2_ptr, sfa_ptr, sfb1_ptr, sfb2_ptr, c_ptr)
        return c
    else:
        return ref_kernel(data)